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Food Microbiology and Biotechnology

Triglyceride-Lowering Effects of Two Probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 and Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601, in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia

Il-Dong Choi 1, Sung-Hwan Kim 1, Ji-Woong Jeong 1, Dong Eun Lee 1, Chul-Sung Huh 2, Seong Soo Hong 3, Jae-Hun Sim 1 and Young-Tae Ahn 1*

1Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Republic of Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea, 3Division of Gastroenterology, Vievis NAMUH Hospital, Seoul 06117, Republic of Korea

Received: December 8, 2015; Accepted: December 15, 2015

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2016; 26(3): 483-487

Published March 28, 2016 https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1512.12018

Copyright © The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology.

Abstract

The triglyceride-lowering effect of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 and Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 were investigated. Male SD Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups and fed high-fat diet (HFD), HFD and probiotics (5 × 109 CFU/day of L. plantarum KY1032 and 5 × 109 CFU/day of L. curvatus HY7601), or normal diet for 6 weeks. Probiotic treatment significantly lowered the elevated plasma triglyceride and increased plasma free fatty acid, glycerol, and plasma apolipoprotein A-V (ApoA-V) levels. The probiotic-treated group showed elevated hepatic mRNA expression of PPARα, bile acid receptor (FXR), and ApoA-V. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum KY1032 and L. curvatus HY7601 lower triglycerides in hypertriglyceridemic rats by upregulating ApoA-V, PPARα, and FXR.

Keywords

Triglyceride, probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus curvatus, apolipoprotein A-V

References

  1. Ahn HY, Kim M, Chae JS, Ahn YT, Sim JH, Choi ID, et al. 2015. Supplementation with two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032, reduces fasting triglycerides and enhances apolipoprotein A-V levels in non-diabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. Atherosclerosis 241: 649-656.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  2. An HY, Park SY, Lee DK, Kim JR, Cha MK, Lee SW, et al. 2011. Antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects of Bifidobacterium spp. in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Lipids Health Dis. 10: 116.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  3. Andrade S, Borges N. 2009. Effect of fermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum on plasma lipids of women with normal or moderately elevated cholesterol. J. Dairy Res. 76: 469-474.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  4. Ataie-Jafari A, Larijani B, Alavi Majd H, Tahbaz F. 2009. Cholesterol-lowering effect of probiotic yogurt in comparison with ordinary yogurt in mildly to moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 54: 22-27.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  5. Caussy C, Charrière S, Marçais C, Di Filippo M, Sassolas A, Delay M, et al. 2014. An APOA5 3' UTR variant associated with plasma triglycerides triggers APOA5 downregulation by creating a functional miR-485-5p binding site. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 129-134.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  6. Charlton-Menys V, Durrington PN. 2005. Apolipoprotein A5 and hypertriglyceridemia. Clin. Chem. 51: 295-297.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  7. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. 1972. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18: 499-502.
    Pubmed
  8. Fruchart-Najib J, Baugé E, Niculescu LS, Pham T, Thomas B, Rommens C, et al. 2004. Mechanism of triglyceride lowering in mice expressing human apolipoprotein A5. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 319: 397-404.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  9. Fuentes MC, Lajo T, Carrión JM, Cuñé J. 2013. Cholesterollowering efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 7527, 7528 and 7529 in hypercholesterolaemic adults. Br. J. Nutr. 109:1866-1872.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  10. Guardiola M, Cofán M, de Castro-Oros I, Cenarro A, Plana N, Talmud PJ, et al. 2015. APOA5 variants predispose hyperlipidemic patients to atherogenic dyslipidemia and subclinical atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 240: 98-104
    Pubmed CrossRef
  11. Hegele RA. 2009. Plasma lipoproteins: genetic influences and clinical implications. Nat. Rev. Genet. 10: 109-121.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  12. Miremadia F, Ayyashb M, Sherkatc F, Stojanovskaa L. 2014. Cholesterol reduction mechanisms and fatty acid composition of cellular membranes of probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. J. Funct. Foods 9: 295-305.
    CrossRef
  13. Moroti C, Souza Magri LF, de Rezende Costa M, Cavallini DC, Sivieri K. 2012. Effect of the consumption of a new symbiotic shake on glycemia and cholesterol levels in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipids Health Dis. 11: 29.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  14. Park DY, Ahn YT, Huh CS, McGregor RA, Choi MS. 2013. Dual probiotic strains suppress high fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. World J. Gastroenterol. 19: 274-283.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  15. Park DY, Ahn YT, Park SH, Huh CS, Yoo SR, Yu R, et al. 2013. Supplementation of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 in diet-induced obese mice is associated with gut microbial changes and reduction in obesity. PLoS One 8: e59470.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  16. Pejic RN, Lee DT. 2006. Hypertriglyceridemia. J. Am. Board Fam. Med. 19: 310-316.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  17. Pennacchio LA, Olivier M, Hubacek JA, Cohen JC, Cox DR, Fruchart JC, et al. 2001. An apolipoprotein influencing triglycerides in humans and mice revealed by comparative sequencing. Science 294: 169-173.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  18. Prieur X, Coste H, Rodriguez JC. 2003. The human apolipoprotein AV gene is regulated by peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-alpha and contains a novel farnesoid Xactivated receptor response element. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 2546825480.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  19. Sghir A, Gramet G, Suau A, Rochet V, Pochart P, Dore J. 2000. Quantification of bacterial groups within human fecal flora by oligonucleotide probe hybridization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 2263-2266.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  20. Sharma V, Forte TM, Ryan RO. 2013. Influence of apolipoprotein A-V on the metabolic fate of triacylglycerol. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 24: 153-159.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  21. Sharma V, Ryan RO, Forte TM. 2012. Apolipoprotein A-V dependent modulation of plasma triacylglycerol: a puzzlement. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1821: 795-799.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  22. van den Berg SA, Heemskerk MM, Geerling JJ, van Klinken JB, Schaap FG, Bijland S, et al. 2013. Apolipoprotein A5 deficiency aggravates high-fat diet-induced obesity due to impaired central regulation of food intake. FASEB J. 27:3354-3362.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  23. van der Vliet HN, Schaap FG, Levels JH, Ottenhoff R, Looije N, Wesseling JG, et al. 2002. Adenoviral overexpression of apolipoprotein A-V reduces serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in mice. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 295:1156-1159.
    CrossRef
  24. Vu-Dac N, Gervois P, Jakel H, Nowak M, Bauge E, Dehondt H, et al. 2003. Apolipoprotein A5, a crucial determinant of plasma triglyceride levels, is highly responsive to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 17982-17985.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  25. Walter J, Hertel C, Tannock GW, Lis CM, Munro K, Hammes WP. 2001. Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 2578-2885.
    Pubmed PMC CrossRef
  26. Yoo SR, Kim YJ, Park DY, Jung UJ, Jeon SM, Ahn YT, et al. 2013. Probiotics L. plantarum and L. curvatus in combination alter hepatic lipid metabolism and suppress diet-induced obesity. Obesity 21: 2571-2578.
    Pubmed CrossRef

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Article

Note

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2016; 26(3): 483-487

Published online March 28, 2016 https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1512.12018

Copyright © The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology.

Triglyceride-Lowering Effects of Two Probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 and Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601, in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia

Il-Dong Choi 1, Sung-Hwan Kim 1, Ji-Woong Jeong 1, Dong Eun Lee 1, Chul-Sung Huh 2, Seong Soo Hong 3, Jae-Hun Sim 1 and Young-Tae Ahn 1*

1Korea Yakult Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Republic of Korea, 2Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea, 3Division of Gastroenterology, Vievis NAMUH Hospital, Seoul 06117, Republic of Korea

Received: December 8, 2015; Accepted: December 15, 2015

Abstract

The triglyceride-lowering effect of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 and Lactobacillus
curvatus HY7601 were investigated. Male SD Wistar rats were randomly divided into three
groups and fed high-fat diet (HFD), HFD and probiotics (5 × 109 CFU/day of L. plantarum
KY1032 and 5 × 109 CFU/day of L. curvatus HY7601), or normal diet for 6 weeks. Probiotic
treatment significantly lowered the elevated plasma triglyceride and increased plasma free
fatty acid, glycerol, and plasma apolipoprotein A-V (ApoA-V) levels. The probiotic-treated
group showed elevated hepatic mRNA expression of PPARα, bile acid receptor (FXR), and
ApoA-V. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum KY1032 and L. curvatus HY7601 lower
triglycerides in hypertriglyceridemic rats by upregulating ApoA-V, PPARα, and FXR.

Keywords: Triglyceride, probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus curvatus, apolipoprotein A-V

References

  1. Ahn HY, Kim M, Chae JS, Ahn YT, Sim JH, Choi ID, et al. 2015. Supplementation with two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032, reduces fasting triglycerides and enhances apolipoprotein A-V levels in non-diabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. Atherosclerosis 241: 649-656.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  2. An HY, Park SY, Lee DK, Kim JR, Cha MK, Lee SW, et al. 2011. Antiobesity and lipid-lowering effects of Bifidobacterium spp. in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Lipids Health Dis. 10: 116.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  3. Andrade S, Borges N. 2009. Effect of fermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum on plasma lipids of women with normal or moderately elevated cholesterol. J. Dairy Res. 76: 469-474.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  4. Ataie-Jafari A, Larijani B, Alavi Majd H, Tahbaz F. 2009. Cholesterol-lowering effect of probiotic yogurt in comparison with ordinary yogurt in mildly to moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 54: 22-27.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  5. Caussy C, Charrière S, Marçais C, Di Filippo M, Sassolas A, Delay M, et al. 2014. An APOA5 3' UTR variant associated with plasma triglycerides triggers APOA5 downregulation by creating a functional miR-485-5p binding site. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 94: 129-134.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  6. Charlton-Menys V, Durrington PN. 2005. Apolipoprotein A5 and hypertriglyceridemia. Clin. Chem. 51: 295-297.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  7. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. 1972. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18: 499-502.
    Pubmed
  8. Fruchart-Najib J, Baugé E, Niculescu LS, Pham T, Thomas B, Rommens C, et al. 2004. Mechanism of triglyceride lowering in mice expressing human apolipoprotein A5. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 319: 397-404.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  9. Fuentes MC, Lajo T, Carrión JM, Cuñé J. 2013. Cholesterollowering efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 7527, 7528 and 7529 in hypercholesterolaemic adults. Br. J. Nutr. 109:1866-1872.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  10. Guardiola M, Cofán M, de Castro-Oros I, Cenarro A, Plana N, Talmud PJ, et al. 2015. APOA5 variants predispose hyperlipidemic patients to atherogenic dyslipidemia and subclinical atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 240: 98-104
    Pubmed CrossRef
  11. Hegele RA. 2009. Plasma lipoproteins: genetic influences and clinical implications. Nat. Rev. Genet. 10: 109-121.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  12. Miremadia F, Ayyashb M, Sherkatc F, Stojanovskaa L. 2014. Cholesterol reduction mechanisms and fatty acid composition of cellular membranes of probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. J. Funct. Foods 9: 295-305.
    CrossRef
  13. Moroti C, Souza Magri LF, de Rezende Costa M, Cavallini DC, Sivieri K. 2012. Effect of the consumption of a new symbiotic shake on glycemia and cholesterol levels in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipids Health Dis. 11: 29.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  14. Park DY, Ahn YT, Huh CS, McGregor RA, Choi MS. 2013. Dual probiotic strains suppress high fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. World J. Gastroenterol. 19: 274-283.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  15. Park DY, Ahn YT, Park SH, Huh CS, Yoo SR, Yu R, et al. 2013. Supplementation of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 in diet-induced obese mice is associated with gut microbial changes and reduction in obesity. PLoS One 8: e59470.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  16. Pejic RN, Lee DT. 2006. Hypertriglyceridemia. J. Am. Board Fam. Med. 19: 310-316.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  17. Pennacchio LA, Olivier M, Hubacek JA, Cohen JC, Cox DR, Fruchart JC, et al. 2001. An apolipoprotein influencing triglycerides in humans and mice revealed by comparative sequencing. Science 294: 169-173.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  18. Prieur X, Coste H, Rodriguez JC. 2003. The human apolipoprotein AV gene is regulated by peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-alpha and contains a novel farnesoid Xactivated receptor response element. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 2546825480.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  19. Sghir A, Gramet G, Suau A, Rochet V, Pochart P, Dore J. 2000. Quantification of bacterial groups within human fecal flora by oligonucleotide probe hybridization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 2263-2266.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  20. Sharma V, Forte TM, Ryan RO. 2013. Influence of apolipoprotein A-V on the metabolic fate of triacylglycerol. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 24: 153-159.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  21. Sharma V, Ryan RO, Forte TM. 2012. Apolipoprotein A-V dependent modulation of plasma triacylglycerol: a puzzlement. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1821: 795-799.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  22. van den Berg SA, Heemskerk MM, Geerling JJ, van Klinken JB, Schaap FG, Bijland S, et al. 2013. Apolipoprotein A5 deficiency aggravates high-fat diet-induced obesity due to impaired central regulation of food intake. FASEB J. 27:3354-3362.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  23. van der Vliet HN, Schaap FG, Levels JH, Ottenhoff R, Looije N, Wesseling JG, et al. 2002. Adenoviral overexpression of apolipoprotein A-V reduces serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in mice. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 295:1156-1159.
    CrossRef
  24. Vu-Dac N, Gervois P, Jakel H, Nowak M, Bauge E, Dehondt H, et al. 2003. Apolipoprotein A5, a crucial determinant of plasma triglyceride levels, is highly responsive to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 17982-17985.
    Pubmed CrossRef
  25. Walter J, Hertel C, Tannock GW, Lis CM, Munro K, Hammes WP. 2001. Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 2578-2885.
    Pubmed KoreaMed CrossRef
  26. Yoo SR, Kim YJ, Park DY, Jung UJ, Jeon SM, Ahn YT, et al. 2013. Probiotics L. plantarum and L. curvatus in combination alter hepatic lipid metabolism and suppress diet-induced obesity. Obesity 21: 2571-2578.
    Pubmed CrossRef