Fig. 3.

Fig. 3. Genetic manipulation methods for C. auris. Both forward and reverse genetics are utilized to understand gene functions. To knock out the target gene, a disruption cassette is generated through overlap PCR. This cassette replaces the target gene with a selection marker, such as nourseothricin acetyltransferase, hygromycin B phosphotransferase, or neomycin/G418 phosphotransferase. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (AtMT) involves incorporating a selection marker onto the Ti plasmid of A. tumefaciens. Co-cultivation of this genetically engineered bacteria with C. auris results in gene disruption by the plasmid. This figure was made using a Biorender.

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