Fig. 4.

Fig. 4. Effects of heat-killed LAB strains on NF-κB and AP-1 activation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. (A) analysis of NF-κB pathway, (B) p-p65/p65, (C) IκBα/GAPDH, (D) analysis of AP-1 pathway, (E) p-c-Jun/GAPDH, (F) c-Jun/ GAPDH. NC, negative control without LPS; PC, positive control with LPS; LGG, L. rhamnosus GG; 14917, L. plantarum ATCC 14917; 15122, L. plantarum KU15122. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation of triplicate experiments. Different letters on error bars represent significant differences (p < 0.05).

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