Fig. 2. Comparison of cryoprotective activity in HaCaT cells for EPS produced by RosPo-1 and RosPo-2, and various concentrations of DMSO containing 0.8% p-CY02. (A) HaCaT cells were suspended in various concentrations of EPS produced by RosPo-1 and RosPo-2 strain, frozen at -80°C for 1 h, and subsequently thawed at 37°C for 5 min. (B) HaCaT cells were frozen in the presence of DMSO alone or in combination with 0.8% (w/v) p-CY02 at -80°C for 1 h and subsequently thawed at 37°C for 5 min. “Non-freezing” means that there are no cell death experiments because there is no freeze process in the medium. Non-freezing: HaCaT cell in DMEM, PBS: HaCaT cell in PBS and 10% DMSO: HaCaT cell in 10% DMSO. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean values of three independent experiments. Damaged cell ratios were determined by an LDH cytotoxicity fluorometric assay. The mean of the sharp symbols represents the control group, and the mean of the asterisks indicates statistical comparisons between the control group and treatment groups. Significance: ** p < 0.05.