Fig. 4. Effects of PDE on the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells.
RAW 264.7 cells were treated with PDE at 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml for 30 min. (A) PDE induced phosphorylation of p65 in RAW 264.7 cells. (B) Quantification of PDE-induced p65 phosphorylation. (C) PDE significantly induced phosphorylation of IKKα/β and IκBα and IκBα degradation in RAW 264.7 cells. (D) Quantification of PDE-induced IKKα/β phosphorylation. (E) Quantification of PDE-induced IκBα phosphorylation and degradation. The levels of phosphorylation and expression were detected by western blot. The data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). ***p < 0.001 vs. control group. PDE, Pinus densiflora pollen extract.