Fig. 1. Effects of PDE on nitrite production and expression of iNOS and COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells.
RAW 264.7 cells were treated with PDE at 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml for 24 h. (A) PDE significantly induced nitrite production in RAW 264.7 cells. (B) PDE did not affect cell viability according to MTT assay. (C) PDE significantly induced expression of iNOS and COX- 2 in RAW 264.7 cells. (D) Quantification of iNOS and COX-2 expression by PDE. Expression of iNOS, COX-2, and β-actin was detected by Western Blot. The data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 vs. control group. PDE, Pinus densiflora pollen extract; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2.