Fig. 3.

Fig. 3. Effect of Lactobacillus strains on the biofilm formation of oral pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans KCTC 5124. □, Control (untreated with Lactobacillus strains); ■, treated with LAB. LGG, L. rhamnosus GG (12.5% treatment); Ln4, L. plantarum Ln4 (12.5% treatment); NK181, L. plantarum NK181 (6.25% treatment). Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation, and different letters on each bar represent a significant difference between values (***p < 0.001).

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