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Fig. 5.

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Fig. 5. Heating effect of the PTC ceramic heater in the microfluidic chip. (A) photograph of the PTC ceramic heater heating the serpentine tube. (B) Infrared thermal image of the system. (C) Finite element analysis of the microfluidic chip. (D) Simulation results of the heating effect of the PTC.
J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2023;33:1101~1110 https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2304.04026
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