eISSN 1738-8872
pISSN 1017-7825
pISSN 1017-7825
Table. 2.
Table. 2.
The positive effects of well-known supplements on muscle mass and function in older adults.
| Supplement | Subject | Amount | Duration | Exercise | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Essential amino acid (EAA) | Elderly patient (75-95 years) with sequelae of coronary artery disease (73%), femoral fracture (34%) | 4 g x 2 time = 8 g/day (containing 31% leucine) | 8 weeks | - | Quality of life, muscle function, diet profile ↑ | [64] |
| Healthy older women (68±2 years) | 7.5 g x 2 times = 15 g/day (containing 18.6% leucine) | 3 months | - | Lean body mass ↑ | [65] | |
| Older adults with sarcopenia (66-84 years | 8 g x 2 times =16 g/day (containing 31% leucine) | 18 months | - | Le an body mass ↑ | [66] | |
| Older adults (65-75 years) | 7.5 g x 2 times =15 g/day (containing 20% or 40% leucine) | 12 weeks | - | Functional performance, lean tissue mass ↑ | [24] | |
| Beta-hydroxybeta-methyl butyrate (HMB) | Bedridden or sedentary elderly | 1.5-3 g | 2-24 weeks | - | Muscle degradation ↓ Strength, function ↑ | [34] |
| Creatine | Elderly women (59-90 year) | 0.3 g/kg/day | 7 days | - | Sit-to-stand, bench press and leg press, isometric knee extension and flexion, peak power, tandem gait ↑ fat free mass ↑ | [43, 67] |
| Elderly women (mean 65 years old) | 0.08 g/kg/day | 12 weeks | 3 day/week | Fat free mass, muscle mass, bench press, knee extension, biceps curl ↑ | [68] | |
| Elderly men and women (50-77 year) | 0.1 g/kg/day | 8 weeks-1 year | 3 day/week | Leg press strength, lower body strength, muscle thickness, lean tissue mass, bench press, chest press, muscle density ↑ | [44, 69] | |
| Fish oil | Female, aged 65 years or older, sarcopenic according to the EWGSOP criteria | EPA 440 mg, DHA 220 mg | 96 days | - | Muscle strength, performance ↑ | [70] |
| Elderly aged 71.2 years | Krill oil 4 g/day (772 mg EPA, 384 mg DHA) | 6 months | - | Knee extensor maximal torque, grip strength, vastus lateralis muscle thickness ↑ | [71] | |
| Female aged 60-76 years | 5 g/day (2 g EPA, 1g DHA) | 12 weeks | - | Lean mass, timed-upand-to test ↑ | [72] | |
| Elderly aged 65 years | 2 g/day (~0.4 g/d EPA, 0.3 g/d DHA) | 90 days | Resistance exercise, 3 times/week for 12 weeks | Peak torque and rate of torque development, chair-rising performance ↑ | [51] | |
| Citrulline | Elderly aged 60-73 years | Citrulline-malate 3 g/day | 6 weeks | - | Walking speed ↑ | [45, 73] |
| Malnourished older patients (80-92 years) | 10 g | 3 weeks | - | Amino acid availability, lean mass, appendicular skeletal muscle mass ↑ in women Fat mass ↓ in women | [46] | |
| Obese elderly (BMI 30-40 kg/m2, HIIT+CIT:67.2±5.0 years, HIIT+placebo: 68.1±4.1 years | 10 g | 12 weeks | High intensity interval training (HITT) | Adding citrulline to HIIT: muscle strength ↑ , fat mass ↓ | [47] | |
| Vitamin D | Pre-sarcopenic, deficient in vitamin D aged 73.31 years | 10,000 IU of cholecalciferol | 3 times a week for 6 months | - | Appendicular skeletal muscle mass ↑ | [57] |
J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2023;33:143~150 https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2210.10014
© J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.