Fig. 3.

Fig. 3. Cytotoxic mitochondrial targeting domain (MTD) homologs induce mitochondrial reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation. HeLa cells were incubated with mitochondrial ROS indicator MitoSOX (5 μM) for 10 min before treatment with cytotoxic mitochondrial targeting domain homologs fused with octa-arginine (R8) to visualize mitochondrial ROS formation. After treatment with R8:M-SDAD1 (5 μM, A), R8:M-TRRAD (20 μM, B), and R8:M-ST3GAL3 (40 μM, C), the intensity of MitoSOX was measured using confocal microscopy (one picture every 5 s) with 488 nm argon laser. Cell morphology was examined using differential interference contrast microscopy.

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