Fig. 3. Analysis of beta diversity revealed significant differences between CSU patients group (P) and healthy controls group (N) performed on the unweighted UniFrac (p < 0.001). The results revealed a significant separation in the bacterial community composition between CSU patients and healthy individuals. PCoA scatter diagram based on unweighted Unifrac data between samples. In the analysis results, the more similar the samples are, the closer the distances reflected in the PCoA diagram are. Red dots stand for patients group (P) and blue dots stand for controls group (N). It revealed significant clustering of patients group (P) and controls group (N).