Fig. 2.

Fig. 2. Apoptosis induced by Bifidobacterium aqueous extracts is associated with activation of p38 in NSCLC cells. (A) A549 cells (6 × 10⁵) were challenged with 150 μg protein/ml aqueous extracts of BB or BLA for 24 h. Propidium iodide (PI)-stained cells were analyzed by FACS. Data on apoptotic cells are presented as bar graphs. Values are expressed as the mean ± SD (***p < 0.001 as compared with the PBS treated Control). (B) A549 and H1299 cells (1 × 10⁶) were challenged with 50, 100, or 200 μg protein/ml or PBS control for the indicated periods. The levels of phospho- (p-)p38, p38, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP, and β-actin were estimated by immunoblot analysis with specific antibodies. (C) A549 cells (5 × 10⁵) were challenged with 250 μg protein/ml aqueous extracts of BB or BLA for 30 h. Propidium iodide (PI)/Annexin V-stained cells were analyzed by FACS. Representative figures showing population of early apoptotic(Q4) and late apoptotic(Q2) cells.

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