Fig. 3.

Fig. 3. Down-regulatory effect of heat-killed LAB strains on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were treated with heat-killed LGG or JW15 and stimulated with LPS for 24 h. The amounts of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were assessed with (A-C) an ELISA kit. Expressed mRNA levels of those cytokines were determined with (D-F) relative quantification by normalization with β-actin and (G) agarose gel blotting. The results were expressed as mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, compared to LPS positive group; ^#p < 0.05, comparison between LGG and JW15.

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