Fig. 5.

Fig. 5. Effects of ECE on ROS production and HO-1 expression in RANKL-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. HO-1: heme oxygenase-1. (A) Intercellular ROS production was determined using 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate (H2DCF- DA). Cells were treated with indicated concentrations of samples for 2 h and then stimulated with RANKL (100 ng/ml) and M-CSF (50 ng/ml) for 1 h. (B) HO-1 expression was analyzed using western blots and normalized to those of β-actin. Cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of RANKL (50 ng/ml), M-CSF (25 ng/ml), and samples. Bars with different letters indicate significant differences at p <0.05.

© J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.