Fig. 3.

Fig. 3. Ability of Korean red pine bark extract to protect against intracellular oxidative stress in PC-12 cells exposed to H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress, as measured using the DCFHDA assay. Data are displayed as the mean ± standard deviation (bars) of three replicates. Different letters on the bars indicate significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05).

© J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.